Intrahepatic Pseudoaneurysms Complicating Transjugular Liver Biopsy in Liver Transplantation Patients: Three Case Reports

native method of obtaining hepatic tissue for pathologic diagnosis in patients with parenchymal liver disease, but in whom conventional percutaneous transhepatic liver biopsy is contraindicated due to coagulopathy, a large amount of ascites, or massive obesity (1, 2). Transjugular liver biopsy is also indicated in patients with liver function deterioration following liver transplant and in patients with congenital clotting disorders (1, 2). There are generally few complications following TJLB; the liver-puncture-related major complication rate was reported to be 0.2% in a review of 64 published reports involving 7,493 adults who had undergone TJLBs (2). We have treated 3 patients with intrahepatic pseudoaneurysms following 503 TJLBs in 320 liver transplant recipients since 2005, and report our experience for managing intrahepatic pseudoaneurysms following TJLB.